Method for the gasification of raw combustible materials.



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No. 896,912. PATBNTED AUG. 25, 1908. HOERING & W. WIELANDT. v METHOD FOR THE GASIPICATION 01 RAW GOMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS.

nrmcuron nun JAE. 27, 1906.

V4/////////////////////////fl 18H f y \I 6 J K H 4 n //vv m v7///////////A 7//%/////////%////A w r .k 7 I W I v 7 J y M fl m w y //A/ INVENTOHS. M 2/ W ATT No. 896,912. PATENTED AUG. 25, 1908. v P. HOERING & WIELANDT. METHOD FOR THE GASIPIGAT-ION 01 RAW OOMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS.

APPLICATION TILED JAB. 27, 1906.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

4 SHEETSSHBIJT 4.

No. 896,912. PATENTED AUG. 25, 1908. I. HOERING & W. WIELANDT. METHOD FOR THE GASIFICATION 0P RAW COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS.

APPLICATION nun 1111.27, 1906.

WITNESSES:

r of the natural Firstly, the large quantities of steam generated in the upper part of the retort in the upper or drying zone may be as already mentioned compelled in the first place to descend into the lowest part of the retort, to blow through and to cool the partially gas-freed coke. and then to pass out of the retort together with the remaining gases freed by disthe retort from outside by means of air and water, by either the conically or cylindrically formed coke-holder being cooled out'w'ardly by the necessary combustion air for the henting of the retort or a. water-ja ket acting as an evaporator being placed round the same,

t e steam of which may be conducted into the generator being )laced below it or below its grate respectively, or directly into the retort.

Thirdly, the separating slide or valve may be provided with suitable water cooling dcviccs and thereby preserved from heating too hi 'h. in this arrangement of the retort, distillation and complete gasitication, apart from the separating valves being periodical! y opened, can, in the first place, be carried on separately. By means of this apparatus the generator may be worked by an injector, an exhaustor or a suctiongas-motor; or the distilled gases may be sent by exhaustcrs or the like out of the retort into the condensing a )paratus and be used for heating the rctort aiterscpar'ating the valuable by product-.1; or th gases in crude stat-e containing tar and we. -.-r may be entirely or partly burned. 'lhe cmnbination of the retort and the generator may be made such that the gases formrd in the generator are led around the retort heating the. latter by its own boat alone and itsclf bein; thereby cooled and ilowing into the puri, -.ng apparatus. ()r a. part of the generator gases purified or not may be brought for burning in the furnace of the retort. 'lhe distillelgascs and the generator gases may be mixed together before or after their purifying or condensation.

Particularly the tar-containing crude-gases being led through the glowing coked material within the. distiller may be sucked oll' directly into the generator, or they may be burned in the furnace and the smoke-gases be eventually reduced to pure generator gas. A method of that kind has the su eriority that these gases heat taken up mm the coked nmtcrizil is not lost butuscd for the gasifying process. One single suction-device then sulliccs and a generator-gas as the only product is generated which is absolutely fTGL from tar. p

The generator gases are formed in the known manner by burning the coked matcrial in a tightly closed room the bottom of which consists of a grate through which air is sucked or pressed into the burning combustible material.

The accompair ing drawings illustrate different possible ways of making apparatus i1 accordance with and suita le For carrying out nruinvcntion in which:

Figures l, L and 3, 4, 5, G, and 7 are erticni scctions of diil'cl'cni forms of apparatus. Fig. 3 is a horizontal secti n near the top of Fig. 3.

Similar letters of reference refer to similar parts in all views.

a is a generator, 1- a dis'illm' or retort, which is connected to the generator by a channel or the liiic, in which a valve J is inclosed.

c is a. hopper.

in Figs. 1 and Ii. c are \Vnlls arranged within thc t'clort and-in any distance from the walls of ibc rclort', so that a freeroom channel rcnntins bctwccn oth walls. 'lhese rooxnsfprcscnt conduits by which the gases from the upper part to the. lower part of the distiller can bc suclfl'cl oil' through wast-eplpcs 5 pipe n ith a valve can be con nectcd to the upp r part of the rctortand 'scr cs for leading diri-ctly the gases vapors and steam out of thc retort. Fig. 3 shows openings i in thc walls of the distiller by which the intcriorof the distiller b is conncctcd to thc lli't"-iill i.\ surrounding the distiller. 1': arc clinnncis urroululing the lower part and bcing conncctcd lo tllc lire-tubes of tlic distiller. led int the lirc-tubcs i thc distiller, who] by the air cools the lower walls of the distillcr and wlo-rcby itscll' is heated.

Figs. 5 and H show a him-jacket Zsurround ng thrlower part of the distiller. In Fig. 5 two valves (1' and (1" separate the distillcr I: from the generator 0. This waterjackct according to Fig. 5 is connected to pipcs m and u. The pipe m leads below the grate of thc gcncrator, while'the pipe 11 is connected t the interior of the distiller. In llwsc pi pcs rcgulat ing-r lc iccscan be inclosed; but these devices arc not shown in the drawings.

Relating to l ig. 6, the. water-jacket l is covcrcd by two walls which inclose channels 9 through, which the vaporized Water from the jackct. enters the 'distillcr and the hot coked material, through which this water 'lhrough these channels air is generated in the generator 0..

steam is sucked into the wrste pipe 3. Gases and tarvapors generated in the middle zone of the distiller are also drawn from above into the pipe The upper part of the distiller is provi ed with pipes 10 being arranged behind walls a and having the purpose to let out the steam collecting in the upper part of the retort.

Fig. 7 shows a f urthcr .iorm of construction of the apparatus in which a chamber-tap p is arranged between the distiller b and the generator a. This tap is surrounded by a watercoolcd jacket p and itself also is suitably cooled with water. A tight fitting joint is thereby obtained and the coke is further cooled before it arrives in the generator. Instead of this any valve with water-cooling mav be inserted. I

igs. l, 2, 3 and 4 show a conduit 1' arranged in the axis of the distiller room. This conduitmay be formed like a pipe or like a chamber opened at both ends and reaching from above to the cooled partof'the distiller.

A valve or valves may be arrangedat the up per openings of the conduit 1' bein apt for regulating the openings. This com uit cenducts the steam vapors and gases from above to below into theeooled zone of the distiller.

Figs. 5 and 6 do not show such a conduit in the axis of the distiller. In the form of the present invention shown in Fig. 5 all the gases vapors and steam generated in the distiller are drawn away together, but in the arrangement shown in Fig. 6 the vapors and steam from the upper colder zone are sucked away separate from the gases preceded in the lower part of the distiller.

Different means of heating the distiller b are shown in the figures. In Figs. 1 and 6 the fire-tubes are not shown but are arranged only behind the opposite walls being not cut in the figures. In the arrangements shown in Figs. 2, 4 and 5 the gases distilled in the retort b are used by burning them with air in thefire-tubes of the distiller.

Fi 3 shows an arrangement to heatthe distiller h the heat contained in the gases For this purpose the hot gases generated in the gas generator-aleave the latter through a channelv that touches the retort so that a part of the heat of the generator gases is transferred to the retort.

In the arrangcnu-nt of Figs. 4 and 7 the fire-tubes of the distiller are connected to the generator by a pipe leading the combustiongases from the tire-tubes into the generator. These lire-tubes are further connected by a. pipe It to the upper zone of the distiller. A

valve It allows conducting vapors and gases from this part of the distiller to thefire-tubes and burning them therein. to regulate the quantity of vapors and gases sucked off and not led into the fire-tubes of the distiller. 4

As isshown in the illustration presented in A-valve It allows Fig. 7, the distiller is connected by a pipe 9 to a condenser not shown in the figure. From this condenser a pipe leads back to the firetubes of the distiller or the purpose of combustion. These fizetubes are rovided with a waste-pipe it being connects to the generator-room and inelosing a valve 1: for regulating the uantities of smoke-gases passing from theiire-tubes to the generator (1. For the case in which the distilled gases do not sullice for a sutiicientheating of the distiller retort, a branch conduit or pipe 9 is led from the enerator-gas-conduit to the conduit g whic 1 passes the generator-gas into the firetubes.

. Having thus described our invention what we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: l

1. The herein described method of treat ing peat and similar materials containing a large percentage ofrnoisture, which consists, first. in heatin'gthe material sufiiciently to drive oil the moisture and other more volatile constituents in order to coke the material,

then partially cooling the said material by passing through it the steam and gas enerated during the coking operation, and nally burning the colred material in a gas generator and collecting the products derived from such hurning.

2. The herein described rbcjess or method of treating peat and sum at materials containing a large proportion'of moisture, which consist-s, first, in sufficiently heating the material to drive oii the moisture and other volatile constituents ino'rder to cake the material, then passing through the material which has been coked, the gases which have been. previously driven therefrom in order to cool the said material, then placing said coked material in a -gas generator and burning the same and during said burning admitting to the generator the reviously evolved gases;

In testimony-hereof we have hereunto set our hands in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

PAUL HOERING. WILHELM WIELANDT. Witnesses 'as to Paul Hoering:

HENRY HASPER, \VoLnnMAn llAUPT. "itnesses as to \Vilhehn \Vielandt:

F. REiCH, t Dinnnmcn. 

